The Second: Race and Guns in a Fatally Unequal America
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Carol Anderson. (2021). The Second: Race and Guns in a Fatally Unequal America. Bloomsbury Publishing.

Carol Anderson. 2021. The Second: Race and Guns in a Fatally Unequal America. Bloomsbury Publishing.

Carol Anderson, The Second: Race and Guns in a Fatally Unequal America. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2021.

Carol Anderson. The Second: Race and Guns in a Fatally Unequal America. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2021.

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1. • value: human rights
2. • value: bias
3. • value: racism
4. • value: Second
5. • value: natives
6. • value: Constitutional law
7. • value: prejudice
8. • value: american history
9. • value: anti-racist
10. • value: constitution
11. • value: political theory
12. • value: ammunition
13. • value: guns
14. • value: NRA
15. • value: anti-racism
16. • value: black in america
17. • value: race in america
18. • value: black lives matter
19. • value: white rage
20. • value: blm
21. • value: right to bear arms
22. • value: the second
23. • value: Black and British
24. • value: one person no vote
25. • value: you me and white supremacy
26. • value: internal bias

creators

1. • role: Author
   • fileAs: Anderson, Carol
   • bioText: Carol Anderson is the Charles Howard Candler Professor and Chair of African American Studies at Emory University. She is the author of One Person, No Vote, longlisted for the National Book Award and a finalist for the PEN/John Kenneth Galbraith Award; White Rage, a New York Times bestseller and winner of the National Book Critics Circle Award; Bourgeois Radicals; and Eyes off the Prize. She was named a Guggenheim Fellow for Constitutional Studies and is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. She lives in Atlanta, Georgia.
   • name: Carol Anderson

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2021-06-01T00:00:00-04:00

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title

The Second

fullDescription

From the New York Times bestselling author of White Rage, an unflinching, critical new look at the Second Amendment and how it has been engineered to deny the rights of African Americans since its inception.

In The Second, historian and award-winning, bestselling author of White Rage Carol Anderson powerfully illuminates the history and impact of the Second Amendment, how it was designed, and how it has consistently been constructed to keep African Americans powerless and vulnerable. The Second is neither a "pro-gun" nor an "anti-gun" book; the lens is the citizenship rights and human rights of African Americans.
From the seventeenth century, when it was encoded into law that the enslaved could not own, carry, or use a firearm whatsoever, until today, with measures to expand and curtail gun ownership aimed disproportionately at the African American population, the right to bear arms has been consistently used as a weapon to keep African Americans powerless—revealing that armed or unarmed, Blackness, it would seem, is the threat that must be neutralized and punished.
Throughout American history to the twenty-first century, regardless of the laws, court decisions, and changing political environment, the Second has consistently meant this: That the second a Black person exercises this right, the second they pick up a gun to protect themselves (or the second that they don't), their life—as surely as Philando Castile's, Tamir Rice's, Alton Sterling's—may be snatched away in that single, fatal second. Through compelling historical narrative merging into the unfolding events of today, Anderson's penetrating investigation shows that the Second Amendment is not about guns but about anti-Blackness, shedding shocking new light on another dimension of racism in America.

reviews

1. • premium: False
   • source: Oprah Daily
   • content: The perfect balance between righteous wrath and intellectual rigor.
2. • premium: False
   • source: The New York Times Book Review
   • content: The Second is written with verve, painted with broad strokes and dotted with memorable anecdotes and vivid quotations.
3. • premium: False
   • source: The New Yorker's "Critic's Notebook"
   • content: A bracing reminder that the defense of rights is not necessarily a liberatory project.
4. • premium: False
   • source: Boston Globe
   • content: Absorbing... as timely as some of Anderson's best known books... The Second adds another dimension to the gun debate and proves that it is stained with the anti-Blackness mindset that disfigures every debate.
5. • premium: False
   • source: Library Journal, starred review
   • content: Like Anderson's previous works, this is essential for everyone interested in U.S. history.
6. • premium: False
   • source: Booklist, starred review
   • content: [A] powerful indictment . . . In her passion and precision, Anderson presents a uniquely positioned, persuasive, and unflinching look at yet another form of deadly systemic racism in American society that has stoked the centuries-long crimes of insecurity, inequality, and injustice.
7. • premium: False
   • source: Heather Cox Richardson, author of HOW THE SOUTH WON THE CIVIL WAR
   • content: In this extraordinarily important book, Dr. Anderson shows that the Second Amendment was designed, and has always been implemented, to enable white Americans to dominate their Black neighbors. In her trademark engaging and unflinching prose, Dr. Anderson traces America's racist history of gun laws from the 1639 Virginia colony's prohibition on Africans carrying guns to the recent police murders of Breonna Taylor and Emantic Bradford, Jr., showing how calls for 'law and order' have concentrated guns in the hands of white people while defining Black gun ownership as a threat to society. Anderson's deft scholarship convincingly places the right to use force at the center of American citizenship, and warns that the Second Amendment, as it is currently exercised, guarantees that Black Americans will never be equal.
8. • premium: False
   • source: Jelani Cobb, New Yorker staff writer, author of THE SUBSTANCE OF HOPE
   • content: The Second Amendment, as Carol Anderson deftly establishes here, was written in the blood of enslaved Black people. Our stalemated gun rights debates have focused on the idea that the Second Amendment preserves liberty rather than its historic role in denying it. This book does a great deal to change the parameters of that conversation.
9. • premium: False
   • source: Natasha Trethewey, Pulitzer Prize-winning poet, former U.S. Poet Laureate, author of MEMORIAL DRIVE
   • content: Carol Anderson brings her brilliant analytical framing to one of our most pressing issues: the proliferation of guns and the epidemic of American gun violence. She reveals the racial hypocrisy inherent in Second Amendment defenses of gun rights. The Second is a must-read for students of American History.
10. • premium: False
    • source: David W. Blight, author of the Pulitzer Prize-winning FREDERICK DOUGLASS: PROPHET OF FREEDOM
    • content: Carol Anderson brings her storied sense of the intertwining of past and present, her keen insights into the wiles of racism, and her passionate prose to this extraordinary take on the meaning of the Second Amendment. This is a necessary history of the roots of gun obsession in slavery, racial assumptions, legal and political fictions that may have put America on a 'fatal' spiral we can only hope to prevent. Let's dream that this book echoes across the partisan canyon.
11. • premium: False
    • source: Kirkus Reviews, starred review
    • content: A powerful consideration of the Second Amendment as a deliberately constructed instrument of White supremacy. . . . An urgent, novel interpretation of a foundational freedom that, the author makes clear, is a freedom only for some.
12. • premium: False
    • source: New York Times Book Review, Editor's Choice
    • content: A provocative look at the racial context for Americans' right to bear arms, Anderson's forcefully argued new book contends that the Second Amendment was inspired by "fear of Black people" - a desire to ensure that whites could suppress slave rebellions.
13. • premium: False
    • source: Bitch, "BitchReads: 17 Books Feminists Should Read in June"
    • content: [The Second is] an important intervention in the ongoing debate over gun control. . . . It's an eye-opening, enraging account that every politician should read as they fight on both sides of the aisle to either progress or curtail gun-control legislation.
14. • premium: False
    • source: Literary Hub's "Nonfiction Books You Should Read This Summer"
    • content: Though one needn't look too far beyond the recent murders of Philando Castile and Alton Sterling to see that so-called legal gun ownership is not a right-at least in practice-extended to Black Americans, Anderson follows this country's fixation on weaponized liberty back to its founding mythologies, and all the exclusionary rhetoric found therein.
15. • premium: False
    • source: Minneapolis Star Tribune
    • content: [Anderson's] new book, The Second: Race and Guns in a Fatally Unequal America<
16. • premium: True
    • source:
    • content:

      April 1, 2021
      The author of White Rage (2016) returns with a powerful consideration of the Second Amendment as a deliberately constructed instrument of White supremacy. "The Second is lethal," writes Emory historian Anderson: "steeped in anti-Blackness, it is the loaded weapon laying around just waiting for the hand of some authority to put it to use." In 1906 in Atlanta, where Emory is located, one such use was made when a White mob attacked Black businesses and neighborhoods in a kind of mass lynching. "Let's kill all the Negroes so our women will be safe," yelled one instigator. When armed Black citizens responded, the Georgia government immediately sent in the cavalry, not to protect the neighborhoods but to suppress what was tantamount to a modern slave revolt. And it was precisely to suppress revolts, Anderson argues, that the "well-regulated militia" language of the Second was formulated. Militias and slave patrols were one and the same in several Southern colonies and then states, and only Whites could enlist, meaning that only Whites were legally allowed to carry firearms. Indeed, as Anderson carefully documents, many states specifically forbade Blacks from owning or carrying firearms, even after emancipation. Many leaders in the Southern states were fearful because of the success of the Haitian revolution, which, though inspired by both the French and American revolutions, also extended suffrage and political power to free Blacks. The Second Amendment, writes the author, helped reinforce the Constitution's "three-fifths" clause, a means of disempowering Blacks politically forevermore. Today, the racial component of the Second is starkly revealed in police shootings and the National Rifle Association's reticence to defend Black gun owners and police victims even while leaping to the defense of 17-year-old Kyle Rittenhouse, whose attorneys tellingly claimed that he was a member of a "well-regulated militia." Writing evenhandedly and with abundant examples, Anderson makes a thoroughly convincing case. An urgent, novel interpretation of a foundational freedom that, the author makes clear, is a freedom only for some.

      COPYRIGHT(2021) Kirkus Reviews, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

17. • premium: True
    • source:
    • content:

      April 12, 2021
      Emory University history Anderson (White Rage) takes an illuminating look at how U.S. laws and customs around gun ownership have been used to subjugate Black Americans. Arguing that the primary function of the "militias" mentioned in the Second Amendment was "controlling the Black population" in the South, Anderson compares 18th-century insurrections such as the Whiskey Rebellion, which was led by white agitators who largely escaped punishment, to contemporaneous slave uprisings, in which dozens of perpetrators were executed upon capture. She also details the harsh consequences faced by Black citizens who took up arms to protect themselves from lynch mobs in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and discusses California's 1967 Mulford Act, which was designed (with the support of the NRA) to prevent the Black Panthers from carrying weapons while patrolling Black communities. The well-informed historical discussions provide essential context for recent events, including the 2016 deaths of Philando Castile and Alton Sterling, two Black men in possession of guns at the time they were killed by police. This is a persuasive and eye-opening look at the intersection of gun rights and racial injustice in America.

18. • premium: True
    • source:
    • content:

      Starred review from May 1, 2021
      

      In this latest work, Anderson (White Rage) argues that the rights afforded under the Second Amendment represent a double standard and have never fully applied to Black Americans. She traces the origins of the right to firearms ownership to pre-Revolutionary War militias, which were formed to control enslaved people and uphold white supremacy. The author explains that during the Constitutional Convention, a deal was reached to enshrine both gun rights and white supremacy, in order to ratify the Constitution at the expense of Black people; nevertheless, slaveholders feared uprisings by enslaved people, and sought to curtail the ability of Black people to legally obtain firearms. This fear persisted after the end of slavery, which led to a series of restrictive laws. Anderson follows gun rights and restrictions throughout U.S. history, addressing Black codes, the Black Panthers, and the Southern Strategy, among others. Finally, she argues that recent police killings of Black men demonstrate that open carry, stand-your ground, and castle doctrine laws are cast aside when Black people are involved. VERDICT An important but too-compact analysis that might leave readers wishing for more. Like Anderson's previous works, this is essential for everyone interested in U.S. history.--Rebekah Kati, Univ. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

      Copyright 2021 Library Journal, LLC Used with permission.

19. • premium: True
    • source:
    • content:

      Starred review from June 1, 2021
      Were the founding fathers as concerned about racial subjugation as they were about national security when they crafted the Second Amendment? In this powerful indictment, award-winning historian Anderson (One Person, No Vote, 2018) posits that from its inception, the right to bear arms was exclusively meant for white men. Whether enslaved, restricted by Jim Crow segregation, or at least legally protected by hard-won civil rights, Black citizens have consistently been subjected to a double standard regarding gun ownership and this has warped race relations throughout the country's history. Anderson illustrates, often in vividly disturbing detail, the brutal reprisals that have occurred whenever African Americans sought justice on this issue, and the litany of counterattacks by police, politicians, the military, and the courts cements the unassailable veracity of her argument. From vigilante violence to the ongoing horrors of police killings, the country's Black population has not been able to secure the protection of the Second Amendment. In her passion and precision, Anderson presents a uniquely positioned, persuasive, and unflinching look at yet another form of deadly systemic racism in American society that has stoked the centuries-long crimes of insecurity, inequality, and injustice. HIGH-DEMAND BACKSTORY: Best-selling Anderson's works are key to public debates about human rights and systemic racism, and gun rights is a particularly urgent subject.

      COPYRIGHT(2021) Booklist, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

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From the New York Times bestselling author of White Rage, an unflinching, critical new look at the Second Amendment and how it has been engineered to deny the rights of African Americans since its inception.

In The Second, historian and award-winning, bestselling author of White Rage Carol Anderson powerfully illuminates the history and impact of the Second Amendment, how it was designed, and how it has consistently been constructed to keep African Americans powerless and vulnerable. The Second is neither a "pro-gun" nor an "anti-gun" book; the lens is the citizenship rights and human rights of African Americans.
From the seventeenth century, when it was encoded into law that the enslaved could not own, carry, or use a firearm whatsoever, until today, with measures to expand and curtail gun ownership aimed disproportionately at the African American population, the right to bear arms has been consistently used as...

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Second Race and Guns in a Fatally Unequal America

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2. • code: POL014000
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